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diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/schema.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/testing/schema.py
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+# testing/schema.py
+# Copyright (C) 2005-2022 the SQLAlchemy authors and contributors
+# <see AUTHORS file>
+#
+# This module is part of SQLAlchemy and is released under
+# the MIT License: https://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
+
+import sys
+
+from . import config
+from . import exclusions
+from .. import event
+from .. import schema
+from .. import types as sqltypes
+from ..util import OrderedDict
+
+
+__all__ = ["Table", "Column"]
+
+table_options = {}
+
+
+def Table(*args, **kw):
+ """A schema.Table wrapper/hook for dialect-specific tweaks."""
+
+ test_opts = {k: kw.pop(k) for k in list(kw) if k.startswith("test_")}
+
+ kw.update(table_options)
+
+ if exclusions.against(config._current, "mysql"):
+ if (
+ "mysql_engine" not in kw
+ and "mysql_type" not in kw
+ and "autoload_with" not in kw
+ ):
+ if "test_needs_fk" in test_opts or "test_needs_acid" in test_opts:
+ kw["mysql_engine"] = "InnoDB"
+ else:
+ kw["mysql_engine"] = "MyISAM"
+ elif exclusions.against(config._current, "mariadb"):
+ if (
+ "mariadb_engine" not in kw
+ and "mariadb_type" not in kw
+ and "autoload_with" not in kw
+ ):
+ if "test_needs_fk" in test_opts or "test_needs_acid" in test_opts:
+ kw["mariadb_engine"] = "InnoDB"
+ else:
+ kw["mariadb_engine"] = "MyISAM"
+
+ # Apply some default cascading rules for self-referential foreign keys.
+ # MySQL InnoDB has some issues around selecting self-refs too.
+ if exclusions.against(config._current, "firebird"):
+ table_name = args[0]
+ unpack = config.db.dialect.identifier_preparer.unformat_identifiers
+
+ # Only going after ForeignKeys in Columns. May need to
+ # expand to ForeignKeyConstraint too.
+ fks = [
+ fk
+ for col in args
+ if isinstance(col, schema.Column)
+ for fk in col.foreign_keys
+ ]
+
+ for fk in fks:
+ # root around in raw spec
+ ref = fk._colspec
+ if isinstance(ref, schema.Column):
+ name = ref.table.name
+ else:
+ # take just the table name: on FB there cannot be
+ # a schema, so the first element is always the
+ # table name, possibly followed by the field name
+ name = unpack(ref)[0]
+ if name == table_name:
+ if fk.ondelete is None:
+ fk.ondelete = "CASCADE"
+ if fk.onupdate is None:
+ fk.onupdate = "CASCADE"
+
+ return schema.Table(*args, **kw)
+
+
+def Column(*args, **kw):
+ """A schema.Column wrapper/hook for dialect-specific tweaks."""
+
+ test_opts = {k: kw.pop(k) for k in list(kw) if k.startswith("test_")}
+
+ if not config.requirements.foreign_key_ddl.enabled_for_config(config):
+ args = [arg for arg in args if not isinstance(arg, schema.ForeignKey)]
+
+ col = schema.Column(*args, **kw)
+ if test_opts.get("test_needs_autoincrement", False) and kw.get(
+ "primary_key", False
+ ):
+
+ if col.default is None and col.server_default is None:
+ col.autoincrement = True
+
+ # allow any test suite to pick up on this
+ col.info["test_needs_autoincrement"] = True
+
+ # hardcoded rule for firebird, oracle; this should
+ # be moved out
+ if exclusions.against(config._current, "firebird", "oracle"):
+
+ def add_seq(c, tbl):
+ c._init_items(
+ schema.Sequence(
+ _truncate_name(
+ config.db.dialect, tbl.name + "_" + c.name + "_seq"
+ ),
+ optional=True,
+ )
+ )
+
+ event.listen(col, "after_parent_attach", add_seq, propagate=True)
+ return col
+
+
+class eq_type_affinity(object):
+ """Helper to compare types inside of datastructures based on affinity.
+
+ E.g.::
+
+ eq_(
+ inspect(connection).get_columns("foo"),
+ [
+ {
+ "name": "id",
+ "type": testing.eq_type_affinity(sqltypes.INTEGER),
+ "nullable": False,
+ "default": None,
+ "autoincrement": False,
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "data",
+ "type": testing.eq_type_affinity(sqltypes.NullType),
+ "nullable": True,
+ "default": None,
+ "autoincrement": False,
+ },
+ ],
+ )
+
+ """
+
+ def __init__(self, target):
+ self.target = sqltypes.to_instance(target)
+
+ def __eq__(self, other):
+ return self.target._type_affinity is other._type_affinity
+
+ def __ne__(self, other):
+ return self.target._type_affinity is not other._type_affinity
+
+
+class eq_clause_element(object):
+ """Helper to compare SQL structures based on compare()"""
+
+ def __init__(self, target):
+ self.target = target
+
+ def __eq__(self, other):
+ return self.target.compare(other)
+
+ def __ne__(self, other):
+ return not self.target.compare(other)
+
+
+def _truncate_name(dialect, name):
+ if len(name) > dialect.max_identifier_length:
+ return (
+ name[0 : max(dialect.max_identifier_length - 6, 0)]
+ + "_"
+ + hex(hash(name) % 64)[2:]
+ )
+ else:
+ return name
+
+
+def pep435_enum(name):
+ # Implements PEP 435 in the minimal fashion needed by SQLAlchemy
+ __members__ = OrderedDict()
+
+ def __init__(self, name, value, alias=None):
+ self.name = name
+ self.value = value
+ self.__members__[name] = self
+ value_to_member[value] = self
+ setattr(self.__class__, name, self)
+ if alias:
+ self.__members__[alias] = self
+ setattr(self.__class__, alias, self)
+
+ value_to_member = {}
+
+ @classmethod
+ def get(cls, value):
+ return value_to_member[value]
+
+ someenum = type(
+ name,
+ (object,),
+ {"__members__": __members__, "__init__": __init__, "get": get},
+ )
+
+ # getframe() trick for pickling I don't understand courtesy
+ # Python namedtuple()
+ try:
+ module = sys._getframe(1).f_globals.get("__name__", "__main__")
+ except (AttributeError, ValueError):
+ pass
+ if module is not None:
+ someenum.__module__ = module
+
+ return someenum